From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Tue Feb 20, 2001 7:56pm Subject: Who's bugging you on the Web? Who's bugging you on the Web? http://www.localbusiness.com/Story/0,1118,NOCITY_639140,00.html INTERNET By Wayne Carter, LocalBusiness.com Feb 20, 2001 08:04 AM ET NEWS ANALYSIS DALLAS, Feb. 20 (LocalBusiness.com) -- Surveillance bugs are to most people the stuff of spy novels and TV and movie crime dramas, but many people are getting bugged every day. But rather than searching frantically for little listening devices planted in their offices, homes and cars to ferret out the intruders, they need only look at their computers. Every time a person visits the Internet, it is likely that they activate what has become known as a Web bug, a small, transparent bit of HTML code that tracks their movements within a site -- sometimes all over the Web -- during a surfing session. Dallas-based Privacy Council, which helps companies protect their privacy and that of their customers on the Web, recently cut a deal with Pittsburgh, Penn.-based iventurelab to provide bug-detection capabilities. Iventurelab runs a Web-based service that detects Web bugs, and Privacy Council will provide that service to its customers. But Privacy Council and iventurelab see bugs as more than a privacy issue. "Part of our methodology is to address security as well as privacy," said Kevin Robertson, Privacy Council's technology vice president. "Web bugs are one of many concerns." Evolution under watch Web bugs, much like cockroaches in the natural world, apparently have been scurrying around from the beginning. HTML is the programming language used to build Web pages, and it's just a matter of using a few special HTML bricks to plant a Web bug on a site. "Those things are known by several names -- bots, applets, bugs -- and they're all little pieces of intelligence that gather information, said Bob Wesolek, chief financial officer at Houston-based Sharp Technology Inc. Bugs are related to cookies, the digital ID tags that Web pages store in people's browsers, but there are key differences. While cookies are used to gather data about Web surfers' habits, they also serve a useful purpose. When a person logs onto a stock-trading portal where they have an account, for instance, a cookie can cause the site to immediately display that person's name and account data. And Web browsers can be set to decline cookies outright or ask for permission to accept them. Web bugs, on the other hand, start surreptitiously gathering data about surfers as soon as they hit a Web page containing a bug. And there is disagreement among experts on just what those bugs are doing. Inquisitiveness or espionage? Ryan Russell, an incident analyst at San Mateo, Calif.-based SecurityFocus.com, said Web bugs are just marketing tools. "All they're interested in is gathering information so they can target marketing [efforts] better," he said. That includes popping up banner ads that should be of interest, among other things. But Tommy Wang, iventurelab's founder and chief executive officer, believes they've become more than that. "We have identified four classes and multiple classes under each type," Wang said. "There are identity tracking devices and some that can steal contact lists and other vital information. They can really access your computer." Wesolek downplayed the likelihood of such capabilities. He said security threats still are mostly from hackers, people looking to use electronic connections to access and manipulate computer systems, not automated spying devices brought in unknowingly from the Web. "We're not aware of any [Web bugs] that are that interactive," he said. "They're limited to doing things using the capabilities of the browser." Russell agreed. "Stealing [information] is a leap, but there is tracking going on," he said. "If you somehow forward [a bug] to other people, they activate the bug, and it can see who else it's going to, and that information can be used to correlate marketing ideas." Jeff Havrilla is an Internet security analyst at the CERT Coordination Center in Carnegie Mellon University's Software Engineering Institute. He said a greater security concern is applications written in Java or ActiveX, which are more powerful than true Web bugs. And while Web browsers can catch such intruders, it's also easy for them to slip past the guard. "The major Web browsers, Netscape and Internet Explorer, can catch those things," he said. "But they [are programmed to] detect Western or Latin characters, and unfamiliar characters may not be detected. And browser defaults are set to download [those applications] without notification. That's something we're trying to make people aware of." Causes for concern While Havrilla agreed that Web bugs are currently harmless aside from privacy concerns, he said creative programming could turn them to more sinister use. Third parties often are aggregating data collected by Web bugs, whether it's a marketing firm hired by the site operator or another company that wants to target the same basic audience as the Website where the bug is planted. Security holes in Web pages could let unscrupulous operators use Web bugs as portals to hit users with unwelcome applications using an unsuspecting Web site as the conduit. And caching, which allows small versions of Web pages and other images to be stored so they'll load faster on subsequent visits, could allow Web bugs to hide in users computers and perform ongoing surveillance. "That might become a security concern, but no one has fully thought that out," Havrilla said. Even if Web bugs never pose more than a minor security threat, Privacy Council believes companies should still take them very seriously. Privacy concerns have many people leery of the Web, and people want to know up front what information is gathered about them and how it's used. That's where privacy policies come into play. Privacy Council believes many companies, especially those that have acquired other companies' Web sites, may be unknowingly violating their own privacy policies by using Web bugs to gather information. "We plan to use [inventurelab] to help companies identify tracking devices they're using intentionally or unintentionally," Robertson said. Wayne Carter covers the Dallas region for LocalBusiness.com. E-mail him with story ideas or comments. -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2523 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Tue Feb 20, 2001 8:03pm Subject: US shocked by Russia's £1m FBI spy US shocked by Russia's £1m FBI spy http://www.theherald.co.uk/news/archive/21-2-19101-0-36-18.html ANNETTE McCANN AN FBI counter-intelligence expert was last night charged with spying for Russia to earn £1m in cash and diamonds from the Kremlin. Robert Philip Hanssen, 56, and a father of six, could face the death penalty if he is convicted of involvement in what experts called one of the worst espionage cases in recent US history. His work, which is believed to have involved exposing three Russian intelligence agents in the pay of the US government, two of whom were later executed, could be linked to the notorious case of CIA spy Aldrich Ames. The White House said last night that George W Bush, the US president, had been told of the case before the arrest of Hanssen, who is only the third FBI agent ever to be accused of spying. Mr Bush said anyone who betrayed their country would be rooted out and brought to justice. "Allegations of espionage of an FBI counter-intelligence agent are extremely serious and are deeply disturbing," Mr Bush told reporters aboard Air Force One en route to St Louis. "Allegations of espionage are a reminder that we live in a dangerous world, a world that sometimes does not share American values," Mr Bush said. He had "the utmost confidence" in "the men and women who serve in the FBI, those who represent our country in the CIA and in the Justice Department. "I thank the men and women who proudly serve our country. But anyone who would betray this trust, I warn you, we'll find you and bring you to justice." Mr Hanssen was arrested at his home in the suburbs of Washington on Sunday night shortly after agents saw him deposit a package of classified information at a "dead drop" in a Virginia state park. The Russians, whom Louis Freeh, FBI director, said never knew the real identity of the double agent they code-named "Ramone", left £34,000 at another site on Sunday for Hanssen to collect, but he never reached it. Hanssen had apparently volunteered his services as a spy to the Soviet Union when he was based in New York in 1985. He had been paid in money and diamonds - at least £412,000 in cash over the years. Mr Freeh said last night that Hanssen's alleged conduct "represented the most traitorous actions imaginable", adding that the £34,000 was "his bread and butter for many, many years". John Ashcroft, attorney general, said the actions of the double agent had exposed America as an "international target in a dangerous world". He is accused amongst other charges of disclosing the identity of two KGB officials, who were first compromised by Ames and had been recruited by the government to serve as "agents in place" at the Soviet embassy in Washington. When these two KGB returned to Moscow, they were tried on espionage charges and executed. Mr Ashcroft added: "The arrest of Robert Hanssen for espionage should remind us all and every American should know that our nation, our free society is an international target in a dangerous world. "In fact, the espionage operations designed to steal vital secrets of the United States are as intense today as they have ever been." FBI officials are still assessing the damage of the Hanssen disclosures, but one source said the information he released had caused extreme damage to US security. Plato Cacheris, Hanssen's attorney, said his client would be pleading "at this point not guilty". Meanwhile, Swedish police have detained a suspected spy, reportedly working for Russia. The security police said the suspect worked in trade and industry. -Feb 21st -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2524 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Tue Feb 20, 2001 8:04pm Subject: A bridge too far for FBI agent A bridge too far for FBI agent http://www.theherald.co.uk/news/archive/21-2-19101-0-21-1.html CHRIS STARRS THE man accused of being America's latest spy took teenage inspiration from Kim Philby, the British double agent, and allegedly used old-fashioned fieldcraft to communicate with his masters in the Kremlin. Details of the case against Robert Phillip Hanssen emerge in the court papers presented last night. They tell of dead drops, secret codes, diamond pay-offs, and an individual disparaging of his homeland. His arrest, after a four-month surveillance operation, was also redolent of the old-fashioned cloak and dagger style that has graced many Hollywood thrillers. Mr Hanssen had been due to collect a package containing £34,000 which had been waiting for him at a pick-up point at a bridge in a park in Arlington. The father-of-six never made the collection. His former FBI colleagues had him in custody. Friends and neighbours had been oblivious to the crimes he is alleged to have committed. Nancy Cullen, a friend, said: "They go to church every Sunday - if that means anything - loading all six kids into the van." She said the Hanssens were regulars at local parties, referring to him as "very attractive...not overly gregarious". Trained as an accountant, with experience as an investigator in the financial section of the Chicago Police Department, the 56-year-old took his oath of office with the FBI in 1976. But he told his Russian "friends" that he was moved to embark on his course as a double agent as a teenager. "I decided on this course when I was 14 years old," he wrote, according to the affidavit. Philby defected to the Soviet Union in 1963 just before being exposed as a spy who had not only damaged Britain, but also the US. "I'd read Philby's book," Mr Hanssen wrote. "Now that is insane, eh! My only hesitations were my security concerns under uncertainty. I hate uncertainty." >From the start of his dalliance with Moscow, Mr Hanssen was obsessed with security. In that earliest listed contact, Mr Hanssen said Soviet intelligence had "suffered some setbacks", and provided the names of three KGB agents he said had been recruited by the United States, the affidavit said. Two of these agents were later executed. Promising more information in this typed note, which was sent through the US mail, Hanssen asked for £70,000 and set up a coded system to conceal the scheduling of communications: "I will add six (you subtract six) from stated months, days and times in both directions of future communications." Under this system, February 20 would become August 26, and 6 pm would become midnight. Later that month, Mr Hanssen allegedly offered signals using white adhesive tape on a signpost near his home in northern Virginia just outside Washington. A horizontal line of tape would mean he was ready to get a KGB package; a vertical piece of tape would mean the drop had occurred; a subsequent horizontal piece of tape would mean the package was received. Such dead drops - in which the two sides never saw each other - were the norm during his 15 years working with Soviet and Russian intelligence, the affidavit alleged, and documents said the Russians never knew who their contact was. He initially signed off simply as "B," but later used the aliases "Ramon Garcia", "Jim Baker", and "G Robertson". Cash payments of tens of thousands of dollars were sometimes included in the KGB drops, the affidavit said, and while Mr Hanssen found these welcome, he was wary. "I have little need or utility for more than the 100,000 (dollars)," he allegedly wrote. "It merely provides a difficulty since I cannot spend it, store it, or invest it easily without tripping 'drug warning' bells. "Perhaps some diamonds as security to my children and some goodwill so that, when the time comes, you will accept my senior services as a guest lecturer. Eventually, I would appreciate an escape plan. Nothing lasts forever." He eventually received £400,000 in cash and diamonds from the Soviets and Russians, the affidavit said; in addition, an account was opened for him in Moscow that eventually was valued at £600,000, making his total gain £1m. Using dead drops, Hanssen provided details of defence information, national security information, and other matters. What had begun with the homespun signals of tape on signposts, and eventually moved on to such simple signals as different coloured drawing-pins that were visible from slowly moving vehicles, also included encrypted computer disks. He had disparaging words for the FBI - "Generally speaking you overestimate the FBI's capacity to interdict you" - and for the US in general. "The US can be errantly likened to a powerfully built but retarded child, potentially dangerous, but young, immature and easily manipulated," he wrote. "But don't be fooled by that appearance. It is also one which can turn ingenious quickly, like an idiot savant, once convinced of a goal." -Feb 21st -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2525 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Tue Feb 20, 2001 8:05pm Subject: FBI spy who sold out to Russia 'did megaton damage' Wednesday 21 February 2001 FBI spy who sold out to Russia 'did megaton damage' http://www.telegraph.co.uk/et?ac=003100565149417&rtmo=psIpMe1e&atmo=99999999&pg=/et/01/2/21/wspy21.html By Ben Fenton in Washington BRITISH and American spycatchers were yesterday investigating the damage done by a senior FBI officer charged with spying for Moscow for the past 16 years. Robert Hanssen, a father of six who faces the death penalty if convicted, was described as having done "megaton damage" to American intelligence. His arrest, as he allegedly made a "dead drop" and picked up $50,000 (£33,000) in a park near his home in Virginia on Sunday, sent shock waves through the intelligence communities on both sides of the Atlantic. The arrest came after the FBI obtained documents from the former KGB, but sources said considerable detective work was needed because Hanssen had been able to keep his identity secret from his paymasters. British sources said that intelligence officials from London had been in close contact with their American counterparts to try to discern what Hanssen might have given away that would affect British security. Although Hanssen, 56, worked mainly in the FBI's counter-intelligence sector, watching the activities of foreign diplomats in Washington during his 27-year career, his security clearance was so high that he had access to the highest grade of secrets. One of the two charges formally laid against him in a court in Alexandria, Virginia, yesterday was of betraying in October 1989 the identities of three men who worked as double agents within the ranks of the KGB. The CIA believes that the three were executed by the Soviet Union as a result. Among the details that will be sought by MI5 and MI6 is whether Hanssen could have seen information about agents working for Britain within the Soviet and Russian intelligence structures. The director of the FBI, Louis Freeh, said Hanssen's alleged conduct "represents the most traitorous actions imaginable". The full extent of the damage was not known "because no accurate assessment could be conducted without jeopardising the investigation", he said. But it was believed to be "exceptionally grave". The US Attorney-General, John Ashcroft, said the espionage was "a very serious breach in the security of the United States. Every American should know that our nation, our free society, is an international target in a very dangerous world." In the brief court hearing yesterday, Hanssen was said to have been motivated by money and to have received $1.4 million over the period of his alleged treachery. President Bush said the charges were "extremely serious and deeply disturbing". He said: "Allegations of espionage are a reminder that we live in a dangerous world - a world that sometimes does not share American values." Officials in Washington called Hanssen the Aldrich Ames of the FBI. Ames, arrested in 1994, was a senior CIA officer whose treason is thought to have been the most damaging committed by an American spy. Hanssen is alleged to have confirmed some of Ames's disclosures for the Russians. FBI officers sealed off the large suburban house in Vienna, a commuter town a few miles from Washington, where Hanssen lived with his wife, Bernadette, and their children. He is only the third agent of the FBI, which in espionage matters plays the same role as MI5 in Britain, to be accused of spying. In 1997 Earl Pitts, an instructor at the FBI Academy in Quantico, was sentenced to 27 years' imprisonment after admitting he spied for Moscow during and after the Cold War. Richard Miller, a Los Angeles FBI agent arrested in 1984, was later sentenced to 20 years in prison. The arrest of Hanssen is the latest in a series of intelligence embarrassments for America. Last year a former US army officer was accused of spying for the Soviet Union and later Russia. Prosecutors said Col George Trofimoff had given away military secrets for 25 years. -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2526 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Tue Feb 20, 2001 10:17pm Subject: Why Espionage? Why Espionage? http://www.abcnews.go.com/sections/us/DailyNews/hanssen_spies010220.html Expert Says Spies Driven By More Than Money By Bryan Robinson Feb. 20 ­ Robert Hanssen now joins Earl Pitts and Richard Miller as the only FBI agents arrested for spying on their own country. Pitts is serving a 27-year sentence after admitting in 1997 that he spied for Moscow during and after the Cold War. Miller was released in 1994 after serving a reduced sentence for espionage, and now Robert Hanssen could face life in prison ­ even death ­ if convicted of multiple counts of espionage. He was arrested today for allegedly spying for the Soviets and Russia for 15 years. What would drive a man to betray his country? FBI officials suggested Hanssen may have been driven by money, saying that he received $1.4 million in cash and jewelry for his services over a 15-year period. But one expert says alleged spies like Hanssen may be driven by more than money. "Generally, what happens with people is that they are getting some kind of monetary payment, but they are driven by the excitement and thrill of doing something and getting away with it," said Patrick Donnelly, professor of sociology and criminologist at the University of Dayton. "As they get deeper into something, they get a sense of satisfaction of doing something with nobody finding out about it." Empowered By Knowledge and the Thrill Spies, Donnelly said, also feel empowered by the information they have access to and perhaps, a rush they feel when they get away with turning over that information. Those who choose to spy on their countries, Donnelly said, are drawn to the thrill of leading a double life and grow more confident the longer they get away with their activities. "In that time [where Hanssen allegedly served as a spy], he's probably having access to the underside of the job. He probably feels safe because he feels like the people around him trust him," Donnelly said. "And he probably got close to his colleagues and got an idea of the type of lives they lead." A letter Hanssen allegedly wrote to his Russian beneficiaries suggests he may have become infatuated with the thrill of a double life as a spy long before joining the FBI. According to an FBI affidavit, Hanssen wrote in the letter: "I decided on this course when I was 14 years old. I read Kim Philby's book." Philby was a notorious British double agent who defected to the Soviet Union nearly 40 years ago. -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2527 From: Jeremy Date: Tue Feb 20, 2001 6:34pm Subject: FBI agent It's a shame that someone would sell out his own country for the love of money. It's not like he wasnt bringing down a pretty penny working for the FBI.. 2528 From: Shawn Hughes Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 11:19am Subject: feds on the cutting edge FBI surveillance systems get digital upgrade Amid ongoing debate over surveillance tools' potential to invade privacy, the FBI is replacing its analog wiretapping equipment with digital systems in all 56 field offices. Under the Digital Storm program, the bureau will replace large reel-to-reel tape recorders with PC specially tuned for audio storage capability. The minimum requirement for running the digital recording applications is an 800-MHz Pentium PC with 256M of RAM and RAID Level 5 storage. About 20 percent of the FBI offices already have the new digital systems. With a budget of $30 million for fiscal 2001, the FBI Laboratory this year will upgrade as many field offices as possible, said Michael T. Elliott, unit chief for telecommunications intercept and collection technology. The bureau plans to finish the conversion to digital by 2003. http://www.gcn.com/vol20_no4/news/3709-1.html Shawn - insert flippant quote here [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] 2529 From: Jesse Thomas Date: Tue Feb 20, 2001 4:33pm Subject: Re: FBI Russia spy caused "grave" damage No offense, but I would have to give my condolences to the former FBI agent for his good work over the many spying years. Unfortunately that line of work is limited in providing information to the Soviets, rather than US citizens. I understand that the type of information disseminated, which includes how the FBI spies on it's own people, makes me a bit confused as to who the 'bad guy' really is. Of course, is is a bit unethical to reveal hard-earned engineering accomplishments to those who have not participated in R&D, nor have earned it. I'm talking about intellectual property here. That would be a crime, as that is the injured party. As far as what is 'grave' damage as caused by the spy act, I doubt if there is any adverse effect on our ability to bomb foreign nations or spy on our own people. > > On a visit to St Louis, Bush said: "This has been a difficult day for those > who love our country and especially for those who serve our country in law > enforcement and the intelligence community." particularly the intelligence community, since that is their jobs > > 2530 From: Shawn Hughes Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 11:29am Subject: steganography sniffers Secret Messages Come in .Wavs Neil Johnson has a job that's nothing if not unusual: He investigates how to uncover concealed messages embedded in sound and video files. A researcher at Virginia's George Mason University, Johnson is one of a small but growing number of digital detectives working in the field of computer steganalysis -- the science of detecting hidden communications. "I analyze stego tools," said the 32-year-old security specialist who is the associate director of GMU's Center for Secure Information Systems. "I try to find out what can be detected or disabled. I see what their limitations are." http://www.wired.com/news/politics/0,1283,41861,00.html also, http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~fapp2/steganography/ Shawn - insert flippant quote here [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] 2531 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 9:33am Subject: FBI portrays Robert Hanssen's double life A 15-year paradox FBI portrays Robert Hanssen's double life A 15-year paradox http://cgi.usatoday.com/usatonline/20010221/3083038s.htm By Richard Willing and Traci Watson USA TODAY WASHINGTON -- He was the son of a Chicago cop, a quiet type who admired strong leaders, went to Mass on Sundays and occasionally shocked colleagues by spouting profanity-laced quotes from Gen. George S. Patton. But to folks such as I.C. Smith, a onetime colleague in the FBI's counterintelligence division, the lanky, sometimes-disheveled man called Bob Hanssen was still ''not your typical FBI agent.'' Little did they know. Hanssen, charged Tuesday with spying for 15 years on the government he swore to serve, was an apparent paradox, a man of separate and warring loyalties that seem impossible to have coexisted in one slim human frame. A 100-page FBI affidavit, filed in connection with the charges, and interviews with neighbors, relatives and law enforcement sources paint a contradictory picture: On the surface, Hanssen, 56, was a suburban dad, toiling at his government job, joining with his wife, Bonnie, to raise six children in the Washington suburbs, putting them through Catholic schools and colleges, and making the payments on a Ford Taurus, an Isuzu Trooper and a fast-fading Volkswagen van. At the same time, the government says, Hanssen was something else entirely -- a spy for the Soviet Union and its successor, the Russian Federation. They were the sworn enemies of his team, FBI counterintelligence, and, in the case of the U.S.S.R., of his seemingly beloved church. Officials say Hanssen was a spy who profited from his activities, collecting $550,000 in cash, about $50,000 in diamonds and the promise, which he never took seriously, of $800,000 more in a Russian bank account. In court documents unsealed Tuesday, the government says he also harbored the fantasy of retiring from the FBI and relocating to Moscow to teach college courses and train future spies. His boyhood hero, he told his Russian keepers, was the British intellectual- turned-Soviet mole Kim Philby. In the Cold War of the 1950s, Philby did exactly that -- escaped to Moscow. ''Want me to lecture in your 101 course in my old age? I would be a novelty attraction,'' Hanssen wrote to a Russian contact last November. ''I'd decided on this course when I was 14. . . . I read Philby's book.'' That echoed the thought Hanssen expressed in November 1985, after first approaching KGB agents in Washington and volunteering to supply information. He would work, Hanssen wrote the KGB, for money, a few diamonds for his children and ''good will.'' ''So that when the time comes, you will accept (my) senior services as a guest lecturer,'' read the note, found by federal investigators last fall. ''Eventually, I would appreciate an escape plan. (Nothing lasts forever.)'' Policeman's son Hanssen was born April 18, 1944, in Chicago, the son of a policeman who rose to the rank of lieutenant. He was educated at Knox College, a small and selective liberal-arts college in Galesburg, Ill., then studied dentistry and accounting before landing at the FBI. Hanssen's late start -- he was nearly 32 when the bureau swore him in -- meant he was maturer than many recruits. However, the age difference left him with disdain for many he would serve with, bureaucratic types who, he once told the Russians, went ''all wet'' when faced with a decision that they had to make by themselves. In October 1985, Hanssen made just such a decision, the government says, selling Russian intelligence the names of three American-based KGB agents who were working secretly for the FBI. Hanssen had come by the information when working at FBI headquarters in Washington, but he waited until being transferred to New York City before approaching the Russians. The three KGB agents, who also had been betrayed by rogue CIA agent Aldrich Ames, were recalled to Moscow, where two were executed and the third was given a prison sentence. In 1987, Hanssen and his family returned to Vienna, Va., in the Washington suburbs, and have lived there since. By all appearances, their lives were solid and unremarkable. Those who know the Hanssens describe them as a close family. They attended Mass weekly. Four of the children attended Our Lady of Good Counsel Catholic School, which covers kindergarten through eighth grade, in Vienna. Only two of the children remain at home, a comfortable brown frame house with a basketball hoop on the side. Bernadette ''Bonnie'' Wauck, who turns 55 this month, was raised in Park Ridge, Ill., in a family that included eight children. Her father, Leroy Wauck, was a professor at Loyola University in Chicago, a Jesuit institution, where Bonnie earned a bachelor's degree in sociology. She teaches nearly full time at Oakcrest School in McLean, Va., a small Catholic girls' school. Robert and Bonnie met while they both were working in the Chicago area, Leroy Wauck said. An acquaintance who spoke to her Tuesday described Bonnie Hanssen as ''in shock'' after the arrest. She had no notion, the acquaintance said, that her husband was even under suspicion of spying. The Hanssens' son Mark is a politics major at the University of Dallas in Irving, Texas, and their son John attends law school at the University of Notre Dame. One of their daughters is married and has at least one child, said Nancy Cullen, a neighbor of the Hanssens. Devoted mother Bonnie is universally described as a devoted and skillful mother who even recorded a commercial tape about activities a family can do together. ''They're a wonderful family. They've been so concerned about raising their children well,'' said Mary Ann Budnik, CEO of R.B. Media, the company that sells Bonnie Hanssen's tape. ''The more I think about it, the more I think he's being framed.'' Two of Bonnie's sisters live nearby with their husbands and children. One, Jeanne Beglis, lives just a few doors down the street. Wauck said his son-in-law didn't complain about his job. ''It just doesn't make sense,'' he said. ''No one anticipated anything like this.'' The charges read like a continuous drumbeat: * Hanssen is accused of sending 27 letters and 22 packages to the KGB and its successor agency, the SVR. They left 33 bundles, stuffed with thousands of old dollar bills, for him. * Because of him, operations were blown, including the investigation in 1989 of foreign service officer Felix Bloch, who was suspected of spying for the Russians. Hanssen is accused of tipping off the Russians; officials say they believe that the KGB passed the information on to Bloch. And officials say Hanssen passed along names of potential recruits, including a boyhood friend. Amid these events, bits of Hanssen's personality can be spied. He was obsessive about security, blowing off one document drop when the Russians were three minutes late. He had advice for his Russian buddies: Study the methods of the late mayor Richard J. Daley, the boss of Chicago, to learn how to run a government. He offered technical tips, too. Though he used a Palm III organizer, he told the Russians in March 2000, the VII version comes with built- in wireless Internet capability. ''Could be quite effective'' in spying, Hanssen said. He could be humorous. Overconfidence, he warned the Russians, can lead ''cocksure officers'' to ''step in an occasional cowpie.'' ''Message to the translator,'' Hanssen wrote in November 2000. ''Got a good word for 'cowpie'?'' And salty. In December 1991, when a promotion and a new job temporarily sidetracked his spying, he quoted Patton to show the Russians that he was anxious to keep working for them. ''As General Patton said, 'Let's get this over with so we can go kick the (expletive deleted) out of the (expletive deleted) Japanese,' '' Hanssen wrote. Occasionally, the affidavit says, Hansen enjoyed chatting, spy to spy, with his Russian handlers. That $800,000 reportedly set aside for him in the MOST bank in Moscow? He understood, he wrote in November, that it was only an ''accounting notation'' that may or may not be paid ''at some uncertain future.'' No hard feelings, he said. ''We do the same.'' But the job could be frustrating. ''You waste me!'' he complained when the Russians failed to keep in touch. Last year, he told his Russian keepers, he knew all about the discovery of a Russian bug planted in the State Department but had ''no effective way'' of tipping them off quickly. And dangerous. His biggest fear, Hanssen confided, was ''someone like me'' -- an agent on the Russian side with knowledge of Hanssen's spying who decided to work for the Americans. A former CIA counterintelligence expert, Vincent Cannistraro, suspects that that is what happened. Sometimes the work just seemed to be getting to Hanssen. He could get the death penalty if caught, he said. Sometimes, the Russians didn't seem to appreciate the risks he takes. ''I have come about as close as I ever want to come to sacrificing myself to help you,'' he wrote in March 2000. ''Conclusion: One might propose that I am either insanely brave or quite insane. I'd answer neither. I'd say, insanely loyal. Take your pick. There is insanity in all the answers.'' Some former colleagues are saddened but not shocked that Hanssen may have led a secret life. ''He was kind of a loner, introverted, didn't laugh easily,'' I.C. Smith recalled. ''I could never figure out how he hung on as a headquarters supervisor.'' -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2532 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 9:36am Subject: Accused spy is a man no one knew Accused spy is a man no one knew http://www.bergen.com/news/spyprofil20010221.htm Wednesday, February 21, 2001 ROBERT HANSSEN http://www.bergen.com/news/images/hansen-robert-022101.jpg By DARLENE SUPERVILLE The Associated Press WASHINGTON -- Robert Philip Hanssen was supposed to be a spy of sorts in his own country, keeping tabs on the comings and goings of foreign diplomats. The veteran FBI agent was trained all too well. The very professionalism the Chicago native brought to the task helped him operate without detection for more than a decade as a spy for Moscow, the FBI says. A father of six living in a middle-class Virginia suburb, Hanssen knew how to hide his identity even from his handlers and how to watch the FBI to see if it was watching him, authorities said after charging him with espionage. He was aware, too, of how severe the treatment can be for caught spies. "I know far better than most what mine fields are laid and the risks," Hanssen wrote to a KGB handler, according to correspondence quoted by FBI Director Louis Freeh. For all his anger, Freeh paid what sounded like grudging compliments to techniques the former Chicago police officer and 25-year FBI veteran, who studied Russian in college, is alleged to have used. "In short, the trusted insider betrayed his trust without detection," Freeh said. For Hanssen, an FBI career that began with his taking the agency's oath ended in a Virginia park Sunday night, where colleagues read him his Miranda rights. * * * Nothing special set him apart in his Vienna, Va., neighborhood, say the neighbors, although one complained that he let his dog roam and create a nuisance. Hanssen, 56, made a home for himself, his wife, and their children in a $300,000 split-level, brick-and-cedar house with a one-car garage, a Ford Taurus, and that other symbol of suburban living -- a minivan. A basketball hoop is in the driveway. Hanssen's wife, Bernadette, teaches religion part time at a Catholic high school, and the family came regularly to block parties, such as the one every Memorial Day. "Not overly gregarious," Nancy Cullen said of him. She lives several doors down from the Hanssens in a cul-de-sac she describes as "our town hall." When neighbor called neighbor to share the news of his arrest, the reaction was, "No way," Cullen said. "I've been in his house. I've never seen any Soviet flags or anything like that, if that's what you're asking," said Matt Bennett, who lives across the street. * * * The government says Hanssen had a long relationship with the Soviet Union and the Russians, dating to 1985, while assigned to the Intelligence Division of the FBI field office in New York City. Operating under the code name "Ramon," Hanssen kept his real identity a secret even from his Russian handlers, who did not find out his name or who employed him until his arrest was disclosed, Freeh said. Hanssen also checked his agency's own security systems to see whether authorities had any suspicions about him -- which they apparently did not until late last year. "He was, after all, a trained counterintelligence specialist," Freeh said. >From February 1995 until January, Hanssen was the FBI's senior representative to the State Department's Office of Foreign Missions, where he oversaw an interagency counterintelligence group. He was returned to FBI headquarters last month in a newly created position designed so that the bureau could monitor his daily activities without alerting him to its investigation. Hanssen apparently contemplated several careers before settling on one in law enforcement. He earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry from Knox College in Galesburg, Ill., in 1966, according to the government's information. He then studied dentistry at Northwestern until 1968 before receiving a master's in accounting from the university in 1971. He became a certified public accountant in 1973. He worked as a junior accountant at a Chicago firm from 1971 to 1972, when he joined the city Police Department as an investigator in the financial section of its inspection division. Hanssen joined the FBI in January 1976, and served initially in Indiana before assignments that took him back and forth between offices in New York and the Washington headquarters. * * * Biography of accused spy NAME -- Robert Philip Hanssen. AGE, BIRTH DATE -- 56; April 18, 1944. EDUCATION -- M.B.A., accounting and information systems, Northwestern University (1971); B.A., chemistry, Knox College, Galesburg, Ill. (1966). Studied dentistry, Northwestern (1966-68). EXPERIENCE: Information Resources Division, FBI headquarters, January 2001- present. FBI's senior representative, Office of Foreign Missions, State Department, Washington, February 1995-January 2001. National Security Division, FBI headquarters, December 1994-February 1995. Temporary assignment, Washington field office, April 1994-December 1994. Chief, National Security Threat List Unit, Intelligence Division, FBI headquarters, January 1992-April 1994. Soviet Operations Section, Intelligence Division, FBI headquarters, July 1991-January 1992. Inspections Staff, FBI headquarters, June 1990-June 1991. Supervisory special agent; Soviet Analytical Unit, Intelligence Division, FBI headquarters, August 1987-June 1990. Intelligence Division, New York City, September 1985-August 1987. Supervisory special agent, Intelligence Division, FBI headquarters, January 1981-September 1985; Criminal and Intelligence divisions, New York City, August 1978- January 1981. Joins FBI, assigned to offices in Indianapolis and Gary, Ind., January 1976-August 1978. FAMILY -- Wife, Bernadette; six children. -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2533 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 9:38am Subject: U.S. officials, agents accused of spying U.S. officials, agents accused of spying http://cgi.usatoday.com/usatonline/20010221/3082886s.htm 2000: Retired Army Reserve colonel George Trofimoff, a civilian intelligence employee, was charged with spying for the Soviet Union and Russia for 25 years. 1997: Earl Pitts, a 13-year FBI veteran, was sentenced to 27 years in prison after pleading guilty to selling information to Russians from 1987 to 1992. 1997: Harold Nicholson, the highest-ranking CIA officer ever arrested for spying, was sentenced to 23 years in prison for selling information to the Russians, including the names of CIA trainees at the agency's school for spies. 1994: Aldrich Ames, a CIA officer, pleaded guilty to selling information to the Russians from 1985 to 1994. The information is thought to have led to the deaths of at least nine U.S. agents. He was sentenced to life in prison. 1989: Felix Bloch, a 30-year career State Department diplomat, was believed to have passed secrets to a Soviet agent in Paris. Bloch was never charged with espionage but was fired in 1990 on grounds that he lied to investigators. 1986: Jonathan Pollard, a civilian Navy intelligence analyst, was sentenced to life in prison for selling information to Israel. 1985: John Walker, a retired Navy officer, was sentenced to life in prison for selling secrets to the Soviets for 18 years. 1985: Edward Howard, a former CIA officer, fled the country as the FBI investigated allegations that he disclosed the identities of CIA agents in Moscow. He still lives in Moscow. 1985: Sharon Scranage, a CIA clerk serving in Ghana, pleaded guilty to giving names of U.S. agents to her Ghanaian boyfriend. 1984: Richard Miller, a Los Angeles FBI agent, was arrested for spying for the Soviets and later sentenced to 20 years in prison. The sentence was later reduced to 13 years. 1951: Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, accused of conspiring to pass atomic secrets to the Soviets, were the last spies to receive the death penalty in the USA. They were executed on June 19, 1953. -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2534 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 9:40am Subject: Case raises questions about FBI's internal security - Agent said to have tracked bureau using its computers Case raises questions about FBI's internal security Agent said to have tracked bureau using its computers http://cgi.usatoday.com/usatonline/20010221/3083032s.htm By Toni Locy USA TODAY WASHINGTON -- FBI Director Louis Freeh called catching veteran agent Robert Hanssen ''red-handed'' selling secrets to the Russians ''a counterintelligence coup.'' But the bottom line is a high-ranking official allegedly got away with espionage for 15 years, and no one had a clue until four months ago. The arrest of Hanssen, 56, an expert on counterintelligence who wasn't subjected to a routine polygraph test for several years, raises serious questions about the FBI's internal security, reputation and future role in counterintelligence and national security, analysts say. As Aldrich Ames was a black eye to the CIA in the 1990s, so is Hanssen to the FBI, which describes him as the worst traitor in its history. ''That Hanssen could do this for 15 years is an absolute earthquake for the FBI and the intelligence community,'' says Emilio Viano, a professor at American University in Washington and an expert on counterintelligence. How Hanssen avoided detection reveals many weaknesses that will be examined by William Webster, a former CIA and FBI director appointed to head a task force to investigate how this could happen. Among those weaknesses is the length of time it took the FBI to find out about Hanssen. Analysts say the case shows that the FBI's internal safeguards should have unmasked Hanssen years ago and that the only way the bureau got on his trail was probably with outside help from Russian spies or a defector who handed over documents from the KGB, the spy agency of the former Soviet Union. Hanssen is portrayed as a cunning operative who used ''good tradecraft,'' spy lingo for eluding detection, and never drew attention to himself with an ostentatious lifestyle, as Ames did. Hanssen doesn't deserve all of the credit, however, law enforcement sources and counterintelligence experts say. Rather, they say, the FBI deserves the blame. Freeh, who fielded questions alone at a news conference, referred repeatedly to the detailed affidavit filed in federal court that laid out Hanssen's activities dating to 1985, when he allegedly offered to sell highly classified documents to the Russians. Freeh, who has headed the agency since 1993, refused to say why he considered the investigation ''a coup,'' but said, ''We did not stumble onto this investigation.'' His statement leads some experts, including Viano, to conclude that the FBI couldn't have done the investigation without access to secret documents from the KGB and its successor agency, the SVR. Viano says the FBI may have gotten many of the details of Hanssen's spying by trading for them. He says many KGB records are being passed around the world's intelligence community. ''The intelligence community is a very small community,'' he says. ''The players are well-known to each other, and both sides are sharing information on the basis of getting a quid pro quo.'' Freeh hinted as much. Through efforts to identify spies that had begun after the Ames arrest, ''the FBI was able to secure original Russian documentation of an American spy who appeared to the FBI to be Hanssen,'' he said. He refused to say, however, where that documentation came from. Analysts see a clue in timing. The FBI began looking at Hanssen in October, the same month that Sergei Tretyakov, a first secretary at the Russian mission to the United Nations, defected. ''It's Tretyakov, but they're not going to say that because they're trying to protect the source,'' says Vince Cannistraro, former CIA counterterrorism director. A law enforcement source familiar with the investigation says a key development occurred when the FBI conducted a secret entry into Hanssen's house and obtained a copy of his computer hard drive. On it were letters Hanssen allegedly wrote to his Russian handlers. The letters were encrypted, but the FBI cracked the code. The arrest comes at a time when the FBI is expanding its role in counterintelligence, opening more than 30 legal attaché offices around the world. However, the FBI has been lax about administering periodic, random polygraph tests of employees handling highly classified material, the source says. Hanssen was not administered such a test for the past several years, according to the source. The FBI's lack of a consistent polygraph policy was a sore point with CIA and military intelligence officers whose agencies rely heavily on lie-detector tests to keep tabs on employees, the source says. The FBI, the source says, places little weight on polygraphs because they are inadmissible in court. As an FBI employee, Hanssen was subjected every five years to financial reviews that examine credit and spending habits, but he lived modestly and wasn't given a second look, the source says. Hanssen allegedly watched his back by periodically searching the FBI's computer system to see whether agents in other parts of the agency were on to him. Through computer forensic work, the FBI went back and found he had conducted sweeping searches using his name, address and locations of the document drops he made to his handlers to determine whether investigations had been opened on any of them. In addition to assessing the damage done to national security, Webster's task force will likely examine why the FBI wasn't checking to see whether employees regularly conducted such surreptitious searches -- or whether it could. ''There's no reason for someone to be doing that unless you're guilty of something,'' says Jeffrey Richelson, a senior fellow at the National Security Archive at George Washington University in Washington. The task force also is expected to ask why the FBI wasn't checking to see what materials its employees were reviewing on their computers -- even though the bureau's computer system gives clear warning during sign-ons that it has this capability, the law enforcement source says. Sen. Richard Shelby, R-Ala., chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, plans to hold a hearing next week to examine what damage may have been done by Hanssen's alleged cooperation with the Russians. Freeh says that ''at the end of the day, all of our systems probably need to be looked at and probably improved.'' -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2535 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 9:41am Subject: The man who risked death to betray his country FBI agents begin making sketches outside the Virginia home of Robert Hanssen, accused of spying for Russia. The man who risked death to betray his country http://www.thescotsman.co.uk/world.cfm?id=49304&keyword=the Robert Tait In Washington THE US intelligence community was reeling from a body blow to its credibility yesterday after a senior FBI agent was charged with spying for Moscow for 15 years, inflicting "exceptionally grave" damage on national security. Robert Philip Hanssen, 56, appeared in court accused of selling some of the United States' most sensitive intelligence secrets to the KGB - the spy agency of the former Soviet Union - and its Russian successor. The charges allege that betrayed the identity of three American moles in the KGB, two of whom were subsequently executed. He faces the death penalty or a maximum fine of $2.8 million (about £1.8 million) if convicted. It is alleged that Hanssen, a father-of-six who had been an FBI agent for 27 years, spied for the Soviet Union before its break-up and for Russia thereafter. Louis Freeh, the FBI director, alleged in a news conference yesterday that Hanssen had received $650,000 (£450,000) and diamonds in reward for his espionage work for Moscow. The FBI had accepted a $50,000 package intended for Hanssen, Mr Freeh said. Bureau agents been tracking Hanssen for four months before he was finally arrested on Sunday at a park near his $300,000 suburban Washington home after he had allegedly dropped off a package of classified information. President George Bush reacted by reading out a prepared statement to television cameras aboard Air Force One, the presidential jet. "Allegations of espionage within the FBI are extremely serious and deeply disturbing," he said. "Particularly for the thousands of men and women who work for the FBI and now must deal with allegations that one of their own may have undermined it." He described the allegations as "a reminder that we live in a dangerous world". Mr Bush added: "I thank the men and women who proudly serve our country. But anyone who would betray its trust, I warn you we will find you and bring you to justice." Hanssen is only the third FBI agent to be charged with espionage. Mr Freeh said that his alleged offences were "not only an affront to his fellow FBI agents but also to the American people". Hanssen is charged with passing classified documents to KGB agents on 20 March, 1989, with the intent of injuring the United States. The charges further state that he had voluntarily become a Soviet spy in October 1985, and that his espionage continued until his arrest. Mr Freeh said Hanssen operated under the code name "Ramon" and provided "highly classified information to the KGB and its successor agency, the SVR". He said Hanssen used encrypted communication, dead drops and other clandestine techniques. Mr Freeh further alleged that Hanssen independently disclosed the identity of two KGB officials who initially been compromised by convicted CIA spy Aldridge Ames. The agents had been recruited by the US to serve as "agents in place" at the Soviet embassy in Washington. They were later recalled to the Soviet Union, charged and executed. Mr Freeh said Hanssen's conduct "represented the most traitorous actions imaginable". He said there was no precise measurement of the damage Hanssen's alleged activities had inflicted "because no accurate damage assessment could be conducted without jeopardising the investigation". But he added: "We believe it was exceptionally grave." John Ashcroft, the US attorney general, said: "Individuals who commit treasonous acts against the United States will be held fully accountable. "Every American should know that our nation, our free society is an international target in a dangerous world. "In fact, the espionage operations designed to steal vital secrets of the United States are as intense today as they have ever been." Hanssen appeared at a federal court in Alexandria, a suburb of Washington, yesterday. Dressed in a black turtle neck, black shirt and grey trousers, he was silent and solemn as the charges were read out. He is being defended by one of Washington's premier defence attorneys, Plato Cacheris, who also represented Ames and Monica Lewinsky. Mr Cacheris said Hanssen planned to plead not guilty. He said his client was "emotional" and quite "upset" by the case against him. "The FBI always make out like they've got a great case," Mr Cacheris said. "But we'll see." Hanssen's arrest follows a series of national security embarrassments for the US. Last year, the government's case against the Los Alamos research laboratory physicist, Wen Ho Lee - who had been accused of selling the "crown jewels" of America's nuclear secrets to China - collapsed in a plea bargain. There were also a series of security lapses at the state department, one of which included the disappearance of a diplomat's lap top containing highly sensitive classified information. John Deutch, the former director of the CIA, was also charged with mishandling classified intelligence documents on insecure home computers. He was subsequently pardoned by Bill Clinton. -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2536 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 9:44am Subject: Stashes of diamonds. Secret dead drops of classified documents. Swiss bank accounts Still Spy-Vs.-Spy for Russia, U.S. http://www.worldnews.com/?action=display&article=5850176&template=worldnews/search.txt&index=recent The Associated Press, Wed 21 Feb 2001 WASHINGTON (AP) ­ Stashes of diamonds. Secret ``dead drops'' of classified documents. Swiss bank accounts. The details of FBI agent Robert Hanssen's alleged espionage for Russia read like a Cold War novel but nonetheless provide fresh evidence that the United States and Moscow are still very much engaged in spy-vs.-spy intrigue. ``Intelligence and counterintelligence are with us and will be with us for some time,'' FBI Director Louis Freeh acknowledged Tuesday after announcing Hanssen's arrest. ``This case has got a foot in the past, but part of it has clearly got a foot in the present.'' But why spy now, when the Cold War is for the history books? Russia is no longer seen as the enemy, intelligence experts say, but neither is it embraced as a full-fledged friend. ``One never knows what another country has in mind down the road, and someone who's a friend today may prove to be an enemy tomorrow,'' said Loch Johnson, a University of Georgia political scientist who worked on intelligence for the Clinton White House and congressional committees. Furthermore, he said, ``Russia still has the capacity to destroy the United States in 30 minutes, so that focuses the attention, even though the prospects of that are minimal in the near term.'' Beyond military secrets, the international espionage game targets political and economic information that could give an advantage to one side or another. In the Information Age, ``we have come to understand just how vital information is, regardless of where you get it,'' said Kenneth Allard, a former Army intelligence officer now at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. If anything, tensions between the United States and Russia have been on the rise of late. Twice in the past two weeks, for example, Moscow was rankled when top U.S. officials lumped Russia with Osama bin Laden and China as global threats and complained that it was spreading missile technology to Iran and North Korea. On Tuesday, Attorney General John Ashcroft described America as ``an international target in a dangerous world'' and said espionage operations aimed at the United States are ``as intense today as they have ever been.'' He didn't mention that U.S. espionage remains robust as well. In fact, U.S. spending for spying has been on the increase in recent years, after dropping off after the Cold War, according to Steve Aftergood, an intelligence analyst for the Federation of American Scientists. ``Everybody spies on everybody; that's the rule of thumb,'' said Aftergood. He said U.S. spending on intelligence, estimated at $30 billion this year, is likely to continue to increase as expensive spy satellites need replacing over the next decade. As for Russia, foreign intelligence activities never seem to have flagged under former President Boris Yeltsin, and some analysts have predicted they would increase under his successor, Vladimir Putin, a 15-year KGB veteran. >From U.S. proposals for a new missile defense system, to Russia's yawning technological gap, to NATO's proposed thrust to the East, spies have plenty of work assessing the West's next moves. Even allied nations spy on one another. In one notable case, former Navy analyst Jonathan Pollard was convicted in 1985 of spying on the United States for Israel. More recently, France has complained that a U.S.-led eavesdropping network known as Echelon is being used to snoop on the business of its European allies. U.S. officials have never publicly confirmed the network exists and deny that the United States engages in industrial espionage. Freeh pointed to congressional testimony that nearly two dozen countries use their security services in the United States to gather economic information. For all the sophistication of modern espionage with satellites and the like, there will always be demand for ``human-based intelligence'' ­ that is, spies who do the type of double dealing now attributed to Hanssen. ``The more things change, the more they stay the same,'' said Allard. ``There's literally no substitute for somebody on the inside.'' And in a friendlier world, it may be easier for moles to rationalize their conduct, reasoning that they're not really jeopardizing national security when they sell out their country. As for all the made-for-TV details of stealthy double agents and dead drops in the Hanssen case, Allard said: ``Guess what? The old tried- and-true methods still work.'' ­­­ On the Net: CIA: http://www.cia.gov Federation of American Scientists' Project on Government Secrecy: http://www.fas.org/sgp/ Copyright 2001 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2537 From: Robert G. Ferrell Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 10:01am Subject: Re: steganography sniffers >unusual: He investigates how to uncover concealed >messages embedded in sound and video files. I've been considering developing a stego sniffer myself. If that does come to pass (it's not a trivial task), I'll make it available to members of this list. Cheers, RGF Robert G. Ferrell, CISSP Information Systems Security Officer National Business Center U. S. Dept. of the Interior Robert_G_Ferrell@n... ======================================== Who goeth without humor goeth unarmed. ======================================== 2538 From: Robert G. Ferrell Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 10:19am Subject: Re: NSA's Security Enhanced >Since I finally do have Linux on my computer, >this Version of Linux sounds Interesting. >http://www.nsa.gov/selinux/ This is essentially Linux with RACF (OK, that's an oversimplification. But data access granularity is the principal thrust of the kernel mods). I personally would still recommend OpenBSD, at least until SecLinux has been put through the ringer by the hacker community. Cheers, RGF Robert G. Ferrell, CISSP Information Systems Security Officer National Business Center U. S. Dept. of the Interior Robert_G_Ferrell@n... ======================================== Who goeth without humor goeth unarmed. ======================================== 2539 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 2:39pm Subject: Insider knowledge Wednesday, 21 February, 2001, 13:56 GMT Insider knowledge http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/americas/newsid_1182000/1182217.stm Urgent questions are being asked about how veteran FBI agent Robert Hanssen, who allegedly sold some of the US Government's most sensitive secrets to Moscow, operated undetected for 15 years. According to senior intelligence officials, one reason is that Robert Philip Hanssen, who worked for the bureau for 27 years, knew the system so well, he managed to avoid arousing suspicion. Revelations about his alleged role at the heart of the FBI's counter intelligence operations in the US, have come as a huge shock. The Bureau is now beginning to assess the potential damage wrought to national security. 'Very experienced' Apart from being indicted for espionage, Mr Hanssen has been charged with betraying three double agents working for the Americans from the Soviet embassy in Washington, Two were executed when they returned to Moscow, while the third was imprisoned. At a news conference on Tuesday, FBI chief Louis Freeh said Mr Hanssen had managed to operate undetected because he was "a very, very experienced intelligence officer". On Wednesday, the New York Times wrote: "The bureau's own security safeguards seem to have been gravely deficient." "Even someone schooled in deception ought not to escape FBI detection for better than a decade of dealing with Russian handlers." According to an FBI affidavit, Mr Hanssen took numerous precautions that only a trained counter-intelligence expert would follow. He refused to meet Soviet (or later Russian) agents in person, either in Washington or abroad, knowing that these agents were often under surveillance and that foreign trips would arouse suspicion. He only used code for dates and places, encrypted computer discs and refused to accept KGB radio transmitters or other spy devices, which, if discovered, would immediately incriminate him. Former FBI director William H Webster, who is assessing the damage to national security, said he knew the bureau's counter-intelligence "matrix" too well. The FBI has acknowledged that a detailed review of its internal security is certain to find flaws in the FBI's procedures for ferreting out spies. The Washington Post says one area that is likely to be scrutinised is the FBI's unwillingness to give lie detector tests to employees on a regular basis. Mr Freeh has not disclosed how Mr Hanssen was finally caught, but there has been speculation that he was betrayed by a Russian source, who handed over his entire KGB dossier to the US. Four-month operation The FBI was first aware that there was a mole several months ago. A joint investigation was launched by the FBI, CIA, the State Department and the Justice Department. Mr Hanssen was kept under surveillance for at least four months. His phone was tapped and his house searched in his absence. FBI agents also covertly intercepted $50,000 in cash, which Russian intelligence officers are believed to have put into a secret location - a "drop" - for Mr Hanssen to pick up later. He was finally arrested on Sunday at a park in Vienna, Virginia, after allegedly dropping off a package of classified information for retrieval by Russian agents. -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2540 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 2:41pm Subject: Darwin Awards Update!! From another list member.... who will remain in the shadow... Darwin Awards Update!! The Darwin Awards, for those not familiar, are for those individuals who contribute to the survival of the fittest by eliminating themselves from the gene pool before they have a chance to breed. 1. A young Canadian man, searching for a way of getting drunk cheaply, because he had no money with which to buy alcohol, mixed gasoline with milk. Not surprisingly, this concoction made him ill, and he vomited into the fireplace in his house. The resulting explosion and fire burned his house down, killing both him and his sister. 2. A 34-year-old white male found dead in the basement of his home died of suffocation, according to police. He was approximately 6'2" tall and weighed 225 pounds. He was wearing a pleated skirt, white bra, black and white saddle shoes, and a woman's wig. It appeared that he was trying to create a schoolgirl's uniform look. He was also wearing a military gas mask that had the filter canister removed and a rubber hose attached in its place. The other end of the hose was connected to one end of a hollow wooden tube approx. 12" long and 3" in diameter. The tube's other end was inserted into his rear end for reasons unknown, and was the cause of his suffocation. Police found the task of explaining the circumstances of his death to his family very awkward. 3. Three Brazilian men were flying in a light aircraft at low altitude when another plane approached. It appears that they decided to moon the occupants of the other plane, but lost control of their own aircraft and crashed. They were all found dead in the wreckage with their pants around their ankles. 4. A police officer in Ohio responded to a 911 call. She had no details before arriving, except that someone had reported that his father was not breathing. Upon arrival, the officer found the man face down on the couch, naked. When she rolled him over to check for a pulse and to start CPR, she noticed burn marks around his genitals. After the ambulance arrived and removed the man - who was declared dead on arrival at the hospital - the police made a closer inspection of the couch, and noticed that the man had made a hole between the cushions. Upon flipping the couch over, they discovered what caused his death. Apparently the man had a habit of putting his penis between the cushions, down into the hole and between two electrical sanders (with the sandpaper removed, for obvious reasons). According to the story, after his orgasm the discharge shorted out one of the sanders, electrocuting him. 5. A 27-year-old French woman lost control of her car on a highway near Marseilles and crashed into a tree, seriously injuring her passenger and killing herself. As a commonplace road accident, this would not have qualified for a Darwin nomination, were it not for the fact that the driver's attention had been distracted by her Tamagotchi key ring, which had started urgently beeping for food as she drove along. In an attempt to press the correct buttons to save the Tamagotchi's life, the woman lost her own. 6. A 22-year-old Reston, VA man was found dead after he tried to use octopus straps to bungee jump off a 70-foot railroad trestle. Fairfax County police said Eric Barcia, a fast-food worker, taped a bunch of these straps together,wrapped an end around one foot, anchored the other end to the trestle at Lake Accotink Park, jumped and hit the pavement. Warren Carmichael, a police spokesman, said investigators think Barcia was alone because his car was found nearby. 'The length of the cord that he had assembled was greater than the distance between the trestle and the ground', Carmichael said. Police say the apparent cause of death was 'Major trauma'. 7. A man in Alabama died from rattlesnake bites. It seems that he and a friend were playing a game of catch, using the rattlesnake as a ball. The friend - no doubt, a future Darwin Awards candidate - was hospitalised. 8. Employees in a medium-sized warehouse in west Texas noticed the smellof a gas leak. Sensibly, management evacuated the building, extinguishing all potential sources of ignition (lights, power, etc.). After the building had been evacuated, two technicians from the gas company were dispatched. Upon entering the building, they found they had difficulty navigating in the dark. To their frustration, none of the lights worked. Witnesses later described the sight of one of the technicians reaching into his pocket and retrieving an object, that resembled a cigarette lighter. Upon operation of the lighter-like object, the gas in the warehouse exploded, sending pieces of it up to three miles away. Nothing was found of the technicians, but the lighter was virtually untouched by the explosion. The technician suspected of causing the blast had never been thought of as 'bright' by his peers. -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2541 From: Robert G. Ferrell Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 2:42pm Subject: Re: Darwin Awards Update!! > Nothing was found of the technicians, but the >lighter was virtually untouched by the explosion. The technician >suspected of causing the blast had never been thought of as 'bright' >by his peers. I don't believe this one. Too Warner Brothers. RGF 2542 From: William Knowles Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 3:45pm Subject: Re: Re: NSA's Security Enhanced On Wed, 21 Feb 2001, Robert G. Ferrell wrote: > >Since I finally do have Linux on my computer, > >this Version of Linux sounds Interesting. > >http://www.nsa.gov/selinux/ > > This is essentially Linux with RACF (OK, that's an > oversimplification. But data access granularity is the principal > thrust of the kernel mods). I personally would still recommend > OpenBSD, at least until SecLinux has been put through the ringer > by the hacker community. Heh, the local Linux users group & a majority of the guys and few gals from the 2600 group near me are too paranoid to start playing with the SELinux since its from the NSA. :) William Knowles wk@c... *==============================================================* "Communications without intelligence is noise; Intelligence without communications is irrelevant." Gen Alfred. M. Gray, USMC ================================================================ C4I.org - Computer Security, & Intelligence - http://www.c4i.org *==============================================================* 2543 From: David Miller Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 3:01pm Subject: RE: Darwin Awards Update!! Personally I think they all were a little contrived. Not your usual Darwin fare. -----Original Message----- From: Robert G. Ferrell [mailto:rferrell@r...] Sent:Wednesday, February 21, 2001 2:42 PM To:TSCM-L@yahoogroups.com Subject:Re: [TSCM-L] Darwin Awards Update!! > Nothing was found of the technicians, but the >lighter was virtually untouched by the explosion. The technician >suspected of causing the blast had never been thought of as 'bright' >by his peers. I don't believe this one. Too Warner Brothers. RGF 2544 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 6:52pm Subject: U.S. Diplomats Quizzed on Contact With Alleged Russian Spy U.S. Diplomats Quizzed on Contact With Alleged Russian Spy http://www.russiatoday.com/news.php3?id=294814 WASHINGTON, Feb 21, 2001 -- (Agence France Presse) Federal investigators on Wednesday began interviewing U.S. diplomats who may have known alleged Russian spy Robert Philip Hanssen during his stint at the State Department, officials said. A team of agents from the Federal Bureau of Investigation were quizzing State Department employees who could have come into contact with Hanssen who served as an FBI liaison officer there for a half-decade until last month, they said. "The FBI, as part of their investigation, will be interviewing people here who might have worked with him or known him," a senior department official told AFP. The official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said no State Department employee was suspected of collaborating with Hanssen and that the investigators were mainly interested in learning what diplomatic information could have been compromised. Hanssen, an FBI counter-intelligence agent who was formally charged with espionage on Tuesday, had a second-floor office at the State Department where he coordinated matters involving foreign diplomatic missions with the FBI. His work at the department gave him unfettered access not only to classified information regarding the movement of foreign diplomats and their status but also to secure areas in the headquarters building which has been heavily criticized for security violations. Though Hanssen worked in the department for five years and is alleged to have spied for the former Soviet Union and Russia for more than 15, investigators say they have not yet found evidence he was responsible for any of the deeply embarrassing security lapses there. Over the past three years, the State Department has been been plagued by various incidents including the 1999 discovery of a sophisticated Russian listening device planted in a conference room and the still unsolved January 2000 disappearance of laptop computer containing highly classified data . Those incidents followed one in 1998 in which an unknown man wearing a tweed coat walked into a room six doors from former secretary of state Madeleine Albright's office, picked up a sheaf of classified material and walked out unmolested. "There are some of us that probably would like to see a laptop, a couple of bugs, stacks of documents and a tweed coat turn up in Hanssen's old office here, but that doesn't seem likely," said a State Department official. In fact, according to papers filed in court by prosecutors on Tuesday, Hanssen complained to his Russian handlers about the slowness of their communications, saying he could have alerted them to the discovery of the listening device if they had an improved system. ((c) 2001 Agence France Presse) -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2545 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 6:53pm Subject: Gaps in Ames Case May Be Filled by F.B.I.'s Own Spy Case February 21, 2001 Gaps in Ames Case May Be Filled by F.B.I.'s Own Spy Case http://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/21/national/21DAMA.html?pagewanted=all By JAMES RISEN WASHINGTON, Feb. 20 ­ When a Central Intelligence Agency officer, Aldrich H. Ames, was arrested as a spy for Moscow in 1994, critics questioned how the agency could have allowed his espionage to go undetected for nine years. Officials at the Federal Bureau of Investigation helped fuel the criticism with complaints that the C.I.A. had failed to share sensitive information, stifling the investigation. Now the F.B.I. finds the shoe on the other foot, facing questions about how it allowed a senior bureau official to spy for Moscow for nearly twice as long as Mr. Ames had. After the arrest of the F.B.I. official, Robert Philip Hanssen, 56, on Sunday in a suburban Virginia park, where he was suspected of leaving classified material for his Russian handlers, officials are saying he may be the most damaging spy for Moscow since Mr. Ames. In an extensive affidavit released today, the government charged that Mr. Hanssen compromised spies working for the United States, including three Russian K.G.B. officers who had also been betrayed by Mr. Ames. Two of those officers were tried and executed; the third was imprisoned and later released. Mr. Hanssen is also suspected of being the person who tipped off Moscow to the 1989 spy investigation of a State Department official, Felix S. Bloch. The F.B.I. believes that Mr. Bloch was subsequently warned by the K.G.B. Mr. Bloch was never arrested for espionage, but was fired from the State Department. Current and former American officials also say Mr. Hanssen's case may help explain the losses of technical intelligence operations against the Russians for which investigators were never certain that Mr. Ames could be blamed. "This explains a lot," one former official said. "There were things that we thought might have been done by Ames, but we always thought that it was a stretch for Ames to have known about certain programs." Current and former officials say there has been strong suspicion in the intelligence community for several years that the Russians still had at least one high-level agent, possibly more, within the government. But Mr. Hanssen's case is more than just a historical curiosity. As a 25-year F.B.I. veteran who spent most of his career in counterintelligence, Mr. Hanssen had access to a wide array of highly sensitive cases and documents, and the F.B.I. believes he became a frequent user of the bureau's computers to supplement his own knowledge. The F.B.I. director, Louis J. Freeh, said he was troubled that a hostile agent could go undetected for 15 years, while using internal computer systems to protect himself and gain access to sensitive material. Mr. Freeh is reviewing internal security procedures to determine why they failed in this case. According to the government affidavit, Mr. Hanssen volunteered to spy for the Soviet Union in October 1985, just five months after Mr. Ames did, yet he managed to avoid detection for seven years longer. The F.B.I. suggested today that he may have been more successful because his counterintelligence training made him far more knowledgeable about how the F.B.I. detects and catches spies. That training also made him far more careful in his dealings with the Russians. The F.B.I. believes that he never gave the Russians his name or identified his agency. He never even met with his Russian handlers, instead volunteering via letter to a senior K.G.B. officer in Washington. The Hanssen case seems certain to shed light on some of the most celebrated spy cases of the final years of the cold war, cases which many believed were already settled history. Most notably, Mr. Hanssen, officials say, corroborated some of the information that Mr. Ames was providing to the K.G.B., which certainly would have increased Moscow's confidence in the secret material it was receiving from both agents. The government says Mr. Hanssen revealed to the K.G.B. that two of its own officers serving in Washington in the mid-1980's, Valery F. Martinov and Sergei M. Motorin, were working for the F.B.I. In addition, he revealed that Boris Yuzhin, a Soviet intelligence officer in San Francisco in the late 1970's and early 1980's, had been recruited by the F.B.I. Mr. Ames, who volunteered to spy for the Soviets in April 1985, had also revealed the identities of all three by June of that year, the F.B.I. believes. But now it is clear for the first time that the K.G.B. did not rely solely on Mr. Ames for evidence needed to arrest those officers. Mr. Hanssen is suspected of identifying the three K.G.B. agents in October 1985. Mr. Motorin and Mr. Martinov were tried and executed, with Mr. Martinov being lured back to Moscow in November 1985, when he was asked to serve as a member of an honor guard escorting a K.G.B. officer, Vitaly Yurchenko, home after his defection to the United States and his redefection to the Soviet Union. Mr. Yuzhin was arrested in December 1986, imprisoned and then released in 1992. He has resettled in the United States. Mr. Freeh said at a news conference today that Mr. Hanssen used the F.B.I.'s computers to see whether the bureau's counterintelligence investigators were on to him. Mr. Hanssen's easy access to the F.B.I.'s computer system may be one focus of the F.B.I. review. Mr. Hanssen, the government says, was a prodigious spy. In an espionage career that spanned 15 1/2 years, the government charges, he wrote 27 letters to the K.G.B., later the S.V.R., and handed over some 6,000 pages of documentary material. Those documents contained a wide array of United States secrets, the government says, including information about the F.B.I.'s double- agent program, future American intelligence requirements and an assessment of the K.G.B.'s efforts to spy on American nuclear programs. The government charges that he also turned over a top-secret F.B.I. review of information from defectors about Soviet infiltration of the intelligence community. In addition to compromising sensitive technical intelligence operations against the Russians, the affidavit states, Mr. Hanssen betrayed the techniques the F.B.I. used to keep track of Soviet and Russian officers in the United States. For most of the last five years, Mr. Hanssen was the F.B.I.'s chief representative at the State Department, but F.B.I. officials do not believe those were his most productive years as a spy. They do not believe, for example, that he was involved in the Russian operation to plant a listening device in a State Department conference room. The affidavit went on to describe actions that seemed to implicate Mr. Hanssen. In a letter to his Russian handlers in June that was reprinted in the affidavit, Mr. Hanssen made it clear he wanted to be of greater help. He told the Russians that he needed a faster and more secure means of communicating with them, perhaps with a new Palm VII organizer with wireless Internet capability. If he had a faster way to contact the Russians, the letter states, he might have been able to warn Moscow that a listening device had been found at the State Department. "Such matters are why I need rapid communications," the reprinted letter states. "It can save you much grief." At the State Department, Mr. Hanssen may have been out of the daily flow of the most sensitive counterintelligence operations, but he still attended weekly staff meetings of the F.B.I.'s national security division, officials said. The period when Mr. Hanssen had the potential to do his greatest damage came earlier. He volunteered to the K.G.B. while assigned to the F.B.I.'s intelligence division in New York, where he was a supervisor of a counterintelligence squad. Just before he is said to have sent his letter to the Russians, he was a supervisory agent in the intelligence division at F.B.I. headquarters, where he was on a panel dealing with technical projects used by the bureau in counterintelligence. While the F.B.I. did not identify those projects in its affidavit, they may have involved sophisticated electronic means to monitor K.G.B. officers serving in the United States. >From 1987 through 1990, Mr. Hanssen was a supervisor in the F.B.I.'s Soviet analytical unit, and later a program manager in the intelligence division's Soviet operations unit. Perhaps his most sensitive post came in late 1994, when he worked briefly in the office of the F.B.I.'s assistant director for national security, the official in charge of all bureau intelligence operations. That posting came just months after Mr. Ames's arrest, and was at a time when the F.B.I. was gaining the upper hand over the C.I.A. in their long-running war for control over counterintelligence. Former United States intelligence officials noted that after the Ames case, the F.B.I. gained the right of "full visibility" into the C.I.A.'s Russian operations, a move intended to allow the agencies to work jointly and quickly to catch spies. It is unclear whether Mr. Hanssen's espionage benefited from that policy shift. Officials indicated today that Mr. Hanssen was, in turn, betrayed by another spy. They said that late last year a source provided the United States with Russian documents that pointed to Mr. Hanssen. The affidavit released today provided a remarkably detailed account of his career as a Russian agent, information that seemingly could come only from old K.G.B. files. Those Russian documents revealed to the F.B.I. that Moscow did not know Mr. Hanssen's real name ­ he gave them only code names ­ and may have learned it only after his arrest. In the past, other spies have worked anonymously as well. For example, Sergei Vorontsov, a K.G.B. officer in Moscow, volunteered to work for the C.I.A. without identifying himself. American intelligence officers did not learn his identity until he was arrested in 1986. -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2546 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 6:54pm Subject: FBI spy case highlights insider threat to corporate data FBI spy case highlights insider threat to corporate data http://www.computerworld.com/cwi/stories/0,1199,NAV47-68-84-88_STO57889,00.html By DAN VERTON (February 21, 2001) A career FBI agent with significant experience and access to FBI IT systems was charged yesterday with spying for Russia since 1985, in what FBI Director Louis Freeh has called the worst case of insider espionage in FBI history. The agent, Robert Phillip Hanssen, is accused of giving Russian intelligence agents highly classified documents and divulging details about American intelligence sources and electronic surveillance operations. In exchange, he allegedly received an estimated $1.4 million in cash and diamonds. According to a 100-page affidavit filed in the U.S. District Court in Alexandria, Va., Hanssen used his access to the FBI's Electronic Case File system, which contains classified information about ongoing FBI investigations, to check if the FBI had been alerted to his activities. Although Hanssen and his Russian handlers relied heavily on traditional spying methods, such as dead drops for exchanging packages anonymously, the case is being touted by the FBI and IT security experts as a harsh lesson in a growing threat to corporate data by insiders. "In short, the trusted insider betrayed his trust without detection," said Freeh, during a press conference yesterday. "He constantly checked FBI records for signs that he and the drop sites he was using were being investigated." Freeh has since ordered that a special panel be formed to review all FBI processes and systems and to study the issue of insider abuse. "The most important lesson to be learned from this incident is that most security breaches are the work of insiders, not outsiders," said Richard Hunter, a security analyst at Stamford, Conn.-based Gartner Group Inc. "This incident is not about cybercrime or hacking per se, but historically, the vast majority of cybercrimes are committed by insiders," said Hunter, who is also a former analyst at the National Security Agency. "Security is not mainly about software or biometrics. First and foremost, it's about people and policies." According to a recent survey of 359 companies by the FBI and the Computer Security Institute (CSI), companies lost more than $50 million in 2000 as a result of unauthorized insider access and insider abuse of IT systems. And while 38% of companies in the FBI/CSI survey reported between one and five incidents of insider abuse, 37% of companies said they didn't know how many security breaches related to insiders had taken place. Hanssen, an expert in counterintelligence methods at the FBI, was detailed to the New York Field Office's intelligence division in 1979 to help establish the FBI's automated counterintelligence database in that office. Investigators characterized Hanssen as having a "high degree of computer technology expertise." Although Hanssen was arrested while dropping off classified hard-copy documents at a predetermined location for his Russian handlers, he made extensive use of computer media, such as encrypted floppy disks, removable storage devices and a Palm II handheld computer, to communicate with Russian intelligence officers, according to the affidavit. In fact, he provided as many as 26 encrypted floppy disks during the course of his espionage activities, it said. The lesson for corporate America "is that companies tend to gain a false sense of security from strong perimeter security," such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems, said Eric Friedberg, a former computer and telecommunications crime coordinator at the U.S. Attorney's Office in New York. "What goes on behind the firewall can be even more damaging because of the degree of access insiders have." Friedberg is now a computer crime consultant at Stroz and Associates, a New York firm founded by Ed Stroz, the former head of the FBI's New York Computer Crimes Squad. During the past six months, Stroz and Associates has worked with half a dozen companies that have been victimized by insiders, said Friedberg. Those cases involved everything from deleted files to trade secrets that were mailed to unauthorized parties and cases where individuals set up competing businesses on the company's own server without the company's knowledge, he said. One way companies can protect themselves from insider abuse is to focus on what their networks can tell them about what is going on inside the company, said Friedberg. He recommended that companies look into artificial intelligence-enabled security software that can tip administrators off to "anomalous activity" on the network. "At the end of the day, all of our systems probably need to be looked at and maybe improved," said FBI Director Freeh. "But at the end of the day, what we rely upon is honest people." -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2547 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 6:56pm Subject: FBI builds case on paper trail FBI builds case on paper trail http://www.detnews.com/2001/nation/0102/21/a05-191021.htm Associated Press FBI agents load computers that were removed from FBI agent Robert Philip Hanssen's home in Vienna, Va., Tuesday. http://www.detnews.com/pix/2001/02/21/a05spy2.jpg By Larry Margasak / Associated Press WASHINGTON -- The government's case against FBI agent Robert Philip Hanssen seems like reality imitating art, spy novel material that includes executed double-agents, package drops along park footbridges and payments in diamonds. All going on for 15 years. Hanssen, 56, only the third FBI agent ever accused of spying, was accused Tuesday of espionage and conspiracy to commit espionage. In one of many letters quoted in an FBI affidavit, Hanssen was alleged to have written to his Russian handlers on Nov. 17, 2000, of his possible fate if caught: "Recent changes in U.S. law now attach the death penalty to my help to you as you know, so I do take some risk." The allegations of a Hanssen relationship with the Soviet KGB intelligence agency and its successor, the SVR, included both bizarre and lighter moments. There was contact through use of a newspaper ad purporting to sell a 1971 Dodge that "needs engine work," the FBI affidavit said. When the KGB asked how Hanssen would explain the diamonds he received, the agent was ready to tell everyone they came from his grandmother, it said. In a Dec. 25 message from the Russians, the American was offered "Christmas greetings from the KGB," according to the documents. And to show appreciation in another instance, the Russians were said to have quoted poetry: "What's our life, if full of care. You have no time to stop and stare?" According to the FBI, Hanssen's spying began with an Oct. 1, 1985, letter to a KGB official in the United States. "Soon I will send a box of documents. ... They are from certain of the most sensitive and highly compartmented projects of the U.S. intelligence community," wrote the man the Russians knew as "B." "I believe they are sufficient to justify a $100,000 payment to me," Hanssen allegedly said in the letter included in the affidavit. Mostly using footbridges at parks in Washington's Virginia suburbs, the FBI alleged, Hanssen would signal the Russians of a package drop with a vertical white adhesive tape, and the Russians would respond with a piece of horizontal adhesive tape. All this was playing well in Moscow, where in 1989 the KGB officers involved in the operation allegedly involving Hanssen won the highly coveted Order of the Red Banner, Order of the Red Star and the Medal for Excellent Service. But the FBI said that by last March, a Hanssen letter to the Russians showed a man in despair. "I have come about as close as I ever want to come to sacrificing myself to help you, and I get silence," Hanssen allegedly wrote. "I hate silence. ... Conclusion: One might propose that I am either insanely brave or quite insane. I'd answer neither. I'd say, insanely loyal." -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2548 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 6:58pm Subject: Profile: Unassuming double agent? Wednesday, 21 February, 2001, 14:16 GMT Profile: Unassuming double agent? http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/americas/newsid_1182000/1182034.stm Robert Philip Hanssen, the FBI agent accused of spying for Russia, was just a few years off retirement at the time of his arrest. He may have felt reasonably confident that he had successfully fooled the intelligence organ of the most powerful country in the world. According to the FBI, over the years he had received over $1.4m in cash, diamonds, and money paid into Russian accounts - enough for him and his family to live in the lap of luxury for the rest of his days. However, Mr Hanssen's lawyer said that "at this point" the suspect planned to plead not guilty to any charges brought against him. After 15 years of allegedly working as a double agent, there were few signs of this cloak-and-dagger existence. He lived in a modest four-bedroom house in a suburb of Virginia, with his wife and six children. The family attended Sunday mass every week, driving to church in a 10-year-old van. Friends and neighbours were shocked by his arrest, describing him as quiet and unassuming. "I never saw them flaunt anything, any kind of wealth," one neighbour, Nancy Powell, told the Washington Post. Motivation Officials investigating the case will want to know what may have motivated a highly intelligent and successful agent to risk his life. Was it the allure of money and diamonds? Was it ideological conviction? Or was there something in his personality that was attracted to subterfuge and the life of the double agent? Letters and documents contained in an FBI affidavit suggest that Mr Hanssen was not overly interested in financial gain. "As far as the funds are concerned, I have little need for more than the $100,000" said a letter apparently written by Hanssen to the Russians. "It merely provides a difficulty since I cannot spend it, store it or invest it easily without tripping 'drug money' warning bells." "Perhaps some diamonds as security to my children and some goodwill would be better," it said. Secret life In another letter Mr Hanssen apparently reveals that he had been attracted to a life of espionage since he was a teenager, and was inspired by the British spy, Kim Philby. "I decided on this course when I was 14 years old," he wrote to his Russian handlers, according to the affidavit. Mr Hanssen grew up in Chicago, and went on to study chemistry, maths and Russian at Knox College in Illinois. His acquaintances described him as aloof, but otherwise a "regular guy". He is said to be a strict father, who limits television watching and walks his dog at night. He is also said to be a member of the Opus Dei, a secretive and conservative Roman Catholic order. 'Intelligent but arrogant' Mr Hanssen joined the FBI in 1976, rapidly moving up the ranks until he became a supervisory special agent in the Soviet Analytical Unit at the agency's Washington headquarters in 1987. His colleagues at the FBI described him as extremely intelligent, but with a tendency towards arrogance. "He was bright and he knew he was bright," said Richard Alu, a fellow FBI agent who is now a security consultant. "He was kind of arrogant about it." But he always took great care not to reveal his identity - and, according to court documents, never met his Russian handlers - showing he did not take risks lightly. US officials said it was that kind of caution and inside knowledge that allowed Hanssen to operate as a mole for 15 years. But the FBI said that by last March, a Hanssen letter to the Russians showed a man in despair. "I have come about as close as I ever want to come to sacrificing myself to help you and I get silence," Mr Hanssen allegedly wrote, after the Russians failed to respond to one of his signals. "I hate silence. ... Conclusion: One might propose that I am either insanely brave or quite insane. I'd answer neither. I'd say, insanely loyal." -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2549 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 6:55pm Subject: Virginia Woods Hold Spy Secrets Virginia Woods Hold Spy Secrets http://www.guardianunlimited.co.uk/breakingnews/US/0,3560,747858,00.html Wednesday February 21, 2001 11:50 pm VIENNA, Va. (AP) - The FBI agent accused of spying for Moscow did his stealthy work along picturesque footbridges crossing serpentine streams, the government says. Still, he did not seem to appreciate the bucolic break from the office. ``Recognize that I am dressed in business suit and can not slog around in inch deep mud,'' the FBI says Robert Hanssen complained to his Russian handlers, who never seemed to tire of finding new parks for their mole. ``I am not a young man,'' he is said to have reminded his contacts on another occasion. Northern Virginia, with some of the country's worst traffic congestion, is also studded with parks and nature trails that provide respite from the suburban buzz. The FBI says they also became transfer sites for some of the nation's top secrets over the 15 years Hanssen is accused of spying. ``There is a lot of history here other than the monuments and the museums,'' said Paul Moore, a counterintelligence specialist who once worked with Hanssen. ``When a spy looks out at the terrain, he sees a little different picture. He sees features that he can use in his work.'' At least a dozen parks are identified as dead-drop locations in the FBI's thickly detailed affidavit, which purports to quote directly from correspondence between the handlers and their source. Although Hanssen is quoted as grousing about distant sites and excessive mud, most of his alleged moonlighting went on in easily accessible, if secluded, places. It was not an Outward Bound expedition by any means. Key locations were just minutes by car from two homes Hanssen and his family lived in during two stints since 1981 in Virginia's Fairfax County. Indeed, the FBI agent told Russian handlers the best places to leave classified information - and collect money and diamonds in payment - were not the most hidden ones, according to the documents. ``Can be actually more secure in easier modes,'' he is said to have written in September 1987. The parks were code named: An (as if for Ann), Bob, Charlie, Doris, Ellis, Flo and so on. A look at the parks where the espionage is alleged to have begun in 1985 and ended Sunday, with activities and correspondence as described in the government's case: NOTTOWAY PARK: Code named simply Park and, later, Prime, Nottoway is half a mile down Lemontree Lane from the home Hanssen lived in during the 1980s. Soccer fields, tennis courts and nature trails abound. After sending the KGB material by mail, Hanssen proposed the first dead drop - a delivery left for someone to pick up without the two meeting. The drop was to be $50,000 in payment for the mailed secrets. He put a vertical piece of white tape on a signpost to signal he was ready to receive the package. The KGB put up a horizontal piece to signal the drop was made. Then him again, another vertical mark to show he had picked it up. ``Remove old tape before leaving signal,'' he instructed. Some drops at the park were botched. One time, the KGB mistakenly placed a package under the wrong corner of the footbridge. On another occasion, in 1988, a KGB agent arrived at 9:03 p.m., three minutes after the end of the prearranged drop period. The agent saw a man who had removed the white tape get in his car and drive away. On Wednesday, park employees said they do not take notice of visitors unless they are playing music too loudly or doing something obscene. Taking advantage of the park's new notoriety, a radio station set up a promotion in the parking lot, giving away lottery tickets. A man walking a dog brandished a bag and joked he had found more secrets. Actually, it was a bag of dog poop. --- FOXSTONE PARK: Code named Ellis, Foxstone is a narrow strip of woodland tracking a stream less than two miles from the Hanssens' current home. A winding, paved path crosses a road and two wooden footbridges, one open and a stone's throw from the road, the other, more tucked away and bordered by thick bramble. Here, a package from the Russians containing $55,000 sat for three days, uncollected, before they retrieved it themselves. Another drop was made five days later. Eleven days after that, Hanssen gave the signal he had picked it up. ``I say bear with me on this,'' Hanssen said in a ``Dear Friends'' letter lamenting the lonely nature of his work, ``because you must realize I do not have a staff with whom to knock around all the potential difficulties. (For me breaks in communications are most difficult and stressful.)'' On Dec. 12, he drove by four times on the road that dissects the path. It was a ``signal site'' where white tape would indicate a drop. On Dec. 26, he drove by three times in the evening, stopped with a flashlight to look around, and ``turned and walked away, shrugging his shoulders and raising his arms in a gesture of apparent disgust or exasperation,'' the FBI said. On Sunday, the FBI arrested him at the site and found a stash of classified material in a garbage bag under one of the footbridges. The FBI said he had put it there nine minutes earlier. --- LONG BRANCH NATURE CENTER About 14 miles closer to Washington, in Arlington County, the nature center is the most tucked-away of the three parks even though it is just one mile from a six-lane highway. Popular with children, it offers nature hikes for tots year-round, family campfires and, in season, gardens for ferns, butterflies and more. The Russians and their source called it Lewis. On Feb. 12, the FBI found a package under the corner of the stage of an outdoor amphitheater where children scamper, hunting for nature souvenirs. The FBI analyzed it, found $50,000 in it, photocopied material from it, and quietly put it back, keeping it under surveillance until Hanssen's arrest. ``I was sitting right next to a bag of money,'' a park employee said Wednesday, clasping his head with his hands. ^--- On the Net: FBI: http://www.fbi.gov -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2550 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 6:58pm Subject: Full text of Hanssen affidavit Full text of Hanssen affidavit http://www.fbi.gov/pressrm/pressrel/pressrel01/affidavit.pdf -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. ======================================================================= 2551 From: James M. Atkinson, Comm-Eng Date: Wed Feb 21, 2001 6:59pm Subject: FBI Calculates Spy Damage FBI Calculates Spy Damage http://dsc.discovery.com/news/ap/20010220/spy2.html Associated Press, Copyright 2001 Wed. 21, 2001 ­ The FBI is trying to calculate the national security damage allegedly wrought by one of its own agents, Robert Philip Hanssen, accused of spying for Russia for more than 15 years. FBI Director Louis Freeh says the intelligence losses appear to be ``exceptionally grave.'' An FBI affidavit describing Hanssen's alleged spying said he passed along to Soviet and later Russian agents 6,000 pages of documents ­ a virtual catalogue of top secret and secret programs. The case marked the third time that an FBI agent has been accused of espionage, and it brought a quick reaction from President Bush and members of Congress on Tuesday. ``Allegations of espionage are a reminder that we live in a dangerous world, a world that sometimes does not share American values,'' Bush said in a statement he read to reporters on Air Force One. Declaring that espionage remains a threat to the nation even with the Cold War gone, the president added: ``To anyone who would betray its trust, I warn you, we'll find you and we'll bring you to justice.'' ``This could be a very, very, very serious case of espionage,'' said Sen. Richard Shelby, R-Ala., chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee. ``Here's an agent who is a veteran of the FBI, who's been doing counterintelligence for a long time. He knows a lot. He could have given them a lot.'' Freeh told a news conference: ``The full extent of the damage done is yet unknown, because no accurate damage assessment could be done during the course of the covert investigation without jeopardizing it. We believe, however, that it was exceptionally grave. The criminal conduct alleged represents the most traitorous actions imaginable against a country governed by the rule of law.'' Freeh said security measures need to be tightened, and he ordered an internal review to be headed by William Webster, a former FBI and CIA director. ``We don't say, at this stage ... that we have a system that can prevent this type of conduct,'' Freeh said. Hanssen, a 25-year FBI agent, was arrested Sunday night at a park in suburban Virginia after dropping a package of documents for his Russian contacts, authorities said. FBI agents confiscated $50,000 hidden for him at a nearby drop site. An FBI affidavit alleged that Hanssen betrayed his country for about $1.4 million in cash and diamonds. A court hearing was set for March 5 for the father of six, who was charged with espionage and conspiracy to commit espionage. Hanssen, who could face the death penalty, appeared briefly in U.S. District Court in Alexandria, Va., on Tuesday to have the charges read and was ordered held without bond. He was not asked how he pleaded to the charges but outside the courthouse his lawyer, Plato Cacheris, told reporters: ``At this point, not guilty.'' In one letter cited in the FBI's affidavit, the writer, allegedly Hanssen, said he was encouraged by the memoirs of the notorious British-Soviet double agent Kim Philby. ``I decided on this course when I was 14 years old,'' the letter stated. ``I had read Philby's book.'' The FBI affidavit said Hanssen and CIA spy Aldrich Ames identified to the Russians three of their double agents, leading to the execution of two of them. The document also said Hanssen ``compromised dozens of United States government classified documents,'' including those involving: The National Measurement and Signature Intelligence Program, which involves activities and technologies including acoustic intelligence, radar intelligence, nuclear radiation detection, infrared intelligence, radio frequencies and effluent-and-debris sampling. This program is not only classified ``top secret'' but subject to further restricted handling under a category designated ``Sensitive Compartmented Information.'' A highly classified and tightly restricted analysis of the foreign threat to a classified U.S. government program. The program is classified ``top secret/SCI.'' The FBI Double Agent Program, ``top secret.'' The Intelligence Community's Comprehensive Compendium of Future Intelligence Requirements, ``top secret.'' A study on recruitment operations of the KGB, the Soviet/Russian intelligence agency, against the CIA, ``secret.'' An assessment of the KGB's effort to gather information on certain U.S. nuclear programs, ``top secret.'' A CIA analysis of the KGB's First Chief Directorate, ``secret.'' The affidavit said Hanssen also compromised a technical program ``of enormous value'' and ``specific communications intelligence capabilities, as well as several specific targets.'' And he disclosed FBI counterintelligence techniques, sources, methods and operations, the bureau said. He also tipped off the KGB to the FBI's secret investigation of Felix Bloch, a foreign service agent suspected of spying for Moscow in 1989, the FBI said. The KGB was then able to warn Bloch, the agency said. Justice Department prosecutors were never able to find key evidence that Bloch passed secret document -- ======================================================================= Sed quis custodiet ipsos Custodes? "In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act" - George Orwell ======================================================================= James M. Atkinson Phone: (978) 546-3803 Granite Island Group Fax: (978) 546-9467 127 Eastern Avenue #291 http://www.tscm.com/ Gloucester, MA 01931-8008 jmatk@t... ======================================================================= The First, The Largest, The Most Popular, and The Most Complete TSCM, Technical Security, and Counterintelligence Site on the Internet. =======================================================================